Basilica di San Clemente

This is a wonderful example of the Christian history of Rome. It is a well preserved archaeological site on three levels. At the top is the current Basilica di San Clemente, dating from around 1100.

The Basilica di San Clemente houses a number of works of art that have been cared for by the Irish Dominican Monks since 1677. The interior is a rich medieval style. The main feature of which is a 9th century choir screen which dominates the nave. Its mosaic depicts the Triumph of the cross. Outside is a courtyard, which was once a common feature of Roman churches but is no longer often seen in Rome.

Over this was built the 4th Century church of St Clement. Much of the interior of this was destroyed in Norman raids but some frescoes remain. This was excavated in 1857.

Finally descending lower still is the 1st century palace with a 3rd century Mithraic Temple. This is the best preserved Mithraic temple in Rome. The cult of Mithraism was open only to men and was famous for its bloody rituals and initiations. It was suppressed by Christianity and faltered due to lack of support from the ruling classes and women. It features an altar with a bull being slain. In this shrine you can hear running water. It is water running through a Roman republic era drain.

Excavations continue and new discoveries are being unearthed each year.

Related posts:

• Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
• St Peter’s Basilica (Basilica San Pietro)
• Pantheon